Piston



. the side wall or skirt of the piston, which' I Patented June 15, '1926.

UNITED STATES 'PTENT FFICE.

PERCEVAL FREELAND GDSTREY AND JOHN .W. WEITESIDE, OF NEW' YORK, N. Y.

PISTON.

Application filed 'November 1925. Serial ne. 66,480;

This invention relates to improvements' in i pistons, and more particularly to gasengine pstons.

The main object of the invention is to proa vide an integral Construction of psto which Will avoid the necessity of removing the oil from the crank case, 'and also the crank case, eliminating the' necessity of disconnecting the pitman, and thereby reduce the time and expense required in getting access to the piston, pisten rings, bushing and wrist pin, when it is desired to examine, repair or renew such parts, by allowing this to be done through the head of the cylinder..

With these general objects in view, and others which will appear from the description hereinafter, the invention consists in the features, details of Construction and combination of elements which 'will be fully described and more particularly pointed out in the description and claims In the drawings Fi .'1 is a Vertical section of a piston embodyng the, features of the present invention- Fi g. 2 is a top plan view of the same;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the cradle'element and Fig. 4 is a top plan view otthe same.

Referring to the drawings, P is the piston, the head a and side wall, orskirt b, which are formed integrally, no provision being necessary. for supporting the wr'ist pin D to said side wallor skrt. By such integral Construction the possibilty ot ;lost compression is materially reduced by reason of theabsence of any holes or brackets in Was objectionable where slappng was caused through wear. The collection of carbon on the exterior'of the piston, which causs v knocks, is'thereby imnimized also Ths" Construction reduces trouble also vgith the spark plugs, the oil being pl'event'ed from ridng up the pisten and getting on the points, on account of absen ce of joints andwrist pin holes. The pisten is provided with the usuat pisten rin s V V The Cradle element, B, w ic h may be made of aluininite or other suitable material capable of withstaiiding the necessar heat and strain, at its upper end is provi ed with a table c having a large open ng e preferably of elliptical shape and transversely of the fer -a purpose hereinafter depposite sides of which table considerable f', which bosses are turned then drawn down to this Construction the wrist therein in any suitable manner, as by swaging. The upper ends of these legs are of width to give necessar strength.. It may be of advantage ,to similar-ly interpose a bushing E said bosses f in opposite directions as shown (Fig. 1). There issutficient space between bosses f and f' formed on legs ol', d' to admit of the interposition of split hearing J for connecting the pitman F With the psto'n P through the cradle B- (Fig. 3).

The pisten P is encased in the usual cylinder C having usual head H. The pisten head a is provided with position that they. will register with the bolts t formed, for convenience and strength, in the table c so they will extend intolegs ol two holes in such of the Cradle B permitting said Cradle B to be Secured to said pisten nuts N on bolts t after the positioned` in the holes, and the pisten is the cradle B. The Cradle has a tight fit in the pisten, which it by tightening latter have been v thus aids in strengthening, and, since in pin does not project through the pisten, it is impossible :torthe sides of the cylinder to be scored. Since the weight is all on the pisten head, the strain .will beslight.

-The pitman-or crank rod F is Secured to the wristpin l) andbushing E through split bearing J "between the bosses f, f' of Cradle le s v flby means of bolts M which are suita l'y Secured, asby casting, in the lower part J of said split hearing. and held in position by nuts which nuts may, be readily removed by a wreneh or other suitable' tool being applied through opening e in the table of Cradle B after the head H has been taken e& and'the piston P re moved from the cylinder. The bolts t are' cast in the table and the lega of' the cra V in order to give the necessary strength ;ap to permit the Cradle to be satisfactorily s cured to the piston head and .furnih f -.g

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In order to attain a more satisfactory register, and greater stability, between the Cradle and bottom of the piston head, lugs `W are cast on the latter which take into depressions in the former (Fig. 1).

An oil hole is provided in the upper part J of the split hearing and, it will be of advantage to have this hole screw threaded to permit ot' the insertion of a screw threaded tool to aid in the separation of the two parts J, J of: the split hearing in case they should become stuck together and cannot be readily separated.

Tt will thus be observed that by the present invention` a construction is provided that will not only avoid the necessity of removing the oil from the-crank case and also the crank case with its attendant loss of time and materials but that the Operations necessary to reach, remove and replace the piston, rings,'wrist pin and wrist pin bushng are very much expedted, and so simplified that they readily may be performed by an unskilled person. lt will also be observed that there will be an increase 'in power through greater stability of action and steadiness of the piston due to the lack of wear on the wrist pin and consequent reduction in slap of the through reduction of car on collecting on the pston, cylinder head, valves, and spark plugs, the compression will be materially increased; these consequently producing a material increase in mileage.

The operation of the device is as tollows:

When it is desired to obtain access to the pisten, bushing, piston rings or wrist pin, the engine will'be first turned over until it reaches theand of the compression stroke, when the head of the piston is close to the head of the engine, then the cylinder head is removed. To free the Cradle from the piston, unscrew each of the nuts N on each of the bolts t when, by inserting under the grip 0 iston; and also, 4

aeaoea in the piston head any suitable hooked tool, or two straight pieces of metal inserted from opposite sides, the pisten may be pulled out, together with the rings thereon. After the piston has been removed from the cylinder the two nuts on the upper ends of the bolts M which secure the pitman to the wrist pin will be-removed by inserting a wrench or other suitable tool through the opening e in the table c of the cradle, being careful not to drop the nuts. The bolts M will not drop down because they are prevented froni falling by the manner in which they are secured to the bottom of the split hearing. The upper part of this split hearing is then taken out. H the upper part of the split bearing should be stuck and not readily removable by a few taps of the hammer, any suitable screw threaded tool may be inserted into the oil hole in its top, and this part can then be readily pulled out. The cradle, with wrist pin and bushing, can then be lifted out, using the sides or ends of opening e in the Cradle table as grip surfaces.

What we claim is:

1. In a pisten, the combination with a shell having integral head and side walls, of an element remdvably secured to said head wall and ada ted to be removed through the cylinder ead, bolts embedded in said element and depressions therein for receiving lugs on said ,head wall, said element being also adapted to removably support, and give access to, a'wrist pin.

2. lin a piston, the combination with a shell having integral head and side. walls, of an element removably secured to said head wall and'adapted to be removed through the cylinder head, bolts embedded in said element, and depressions therein for reeeiving lugs on said head wall, said element having an opening in its table, and adapted to removably support a wrist pin.

3. Tn a piston,the combination with a shell having integral head and side walls, said head wall having countersunk portions and lugs, of an element removably secured to said head wall and adapted to be removed through the cylinder head, bolts embedded in said element, and de ressions therein for receiving said lugs, sai element having an opening in its table to give access to a removably supported wristpin.

?ERCEVL FREELAND GODSTREY.

JOHN W. WHE'EESWE.

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